The report states that since independence in 2011, the number of checkpoints in South Sudan has nearly doubled while checkpoint taxes have increased 300 percent.

According to the findings, over the past two years, both IPIS and DIIS have mapped 319 checkpoints along major trade routes in South Sudan, of which 253 are roadblocks and 66 river checkpoints.

It states that government soldiers and civilian authorities control most of the checkpoints along overland routes, while the SPLA/M in opposition, led by Riek Machar, controls slightly more than half of the checkpoints along river routes, the White Nile, its branch the El Zeraf, and the Sobat.