In the summer and fall of 1919, the African-owned Gold Coast press was awash with news stories and impassioned commentary about the postwar race riots that had

Atu and other Black Gold Coast writers pointed to European men who seduced young African women with material support only to exploit and abandon them. They attacked the hypocrisy of colonists who claimed to be advancing civilization but failed to care for their own mixed-race children. While the largely male writers often criticized the African women in these relationships for sexual immorality, they focused most of their ire on European men.